Ґенеза корпоративного університету у США
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Дата
2016
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Анотація
У статті проаналізовано особливості становлення корпоративного університету як форми організації корпоративної освіти у США; виявлено, що головними соціально-економічними передумовами становлення цього освітнього феномену були: перехід від індустріального суспільства до інформаційної економіки, невідповідність якості професійного навчання у традиційних закладах освіти практичним вимогам виробництва, демографічний фактор; з’ясовано, що функціональними особливостями перших корпоративних університетів були їх закритість, суворе структурне підпорядкування організації-засновнику, відсутність партнерства із зовнішніми освітніми структурами.
The article analyzes the features of the corporate university as a form of organization of corporate education in the United States which arose against the background of the rapid econo¬mic development and advances in science and technology at the beginning of the last century. The corporate university emerged as a mechanism for solving current problems and needs of the strategic development of the organization. It has been revealed that the main socio-economic preconditions for the formation of this educational phenomenon were: the transition from the industrial society, which required skilled workers to the information economy based on knowledge; convergence of learning and manufacture; change in priorities of workers, who valued training opportunities in the organization more than security of their employment; inadequacy of vocational training in the traditional education institutions to practical job requirements; economic benefits for businesses from training their employees in organizations; the need to provide the continuous training to workers in the information society and ensure their competitiveness in the global economy; the importance for companies to meet the expectations of customers; the demographic factor. Among the first corporate universities which emerged in the USА were: the General Electric Corporate School, the General Motors Institute of Engineering and Management, Disney University, Hamburger University, Motorola University. It was found out that the first corporate universities were characterized by strict structural subordination to the parent organization and the lack of partnership with external educational institutions. However, despite their certain limitations, the first corporate universities became a significant achievement and a step forward in the development of human capital. Therefore their parent companies can be considered the first examples of learning organizations, which have made a decisive contribution into the convergence of education and manufacture and identified the ways of further development of corporate education in the country.
The article analyzes the features of the corporate university as a form of organization of corporate education in the United States which arose against the background of the rapid econo¬mic development and advances in science and technology at the beginning of the last century. The corporate university emerged as a mechanism for solving current problems and needs of the strategic development of the organization. It has been revealed that the main socio-economic preconditions for the formation of this educational phenomenon were: the transition from the industrial society, which required skilled workers to the information economy based on knowledge; convergence of learning and manufacture; change in priorities of workers, who valued training opportunities in the organization more than security of their employment; inadequacy of vocational training in the traditional education institutions to practical job requirements; economic benefits for businesses from training their employees in organizations; the need to provide the continuous training to workers in the information society and ensure their competitiveness in the global economy; the importance for companies to meet the expectations of customers; the demographic factor. Among the first corporate universities which emerged in the USА were: the General Electric Corporate School, the General Motors Institute of Engineering and Management, Disney University, Hamburger University, Motorola University. It was found out that the first corporate universities were characterized by strict structural subordination to the parent organization and the lack of partnership with external educational institutions. However, despite their certain limitations, the first corporate universities became a significant achievement and a step forward in the development of human capital. Therefore their parent companies can be considered the first examples of learning organizations, which have made a decisive contribution into the convergence of education and manufacture and identified the ways of further development of corporate education in the country.
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Ключові слова
корпоративний університет, корпоративна освіта, США, соціально-економічні передумови, соціальне партнерство, Інститут інженерії та менеджменту корпорації General Motors, Корпоративна школа корпорації General Electric, Університет Уолта Діснея, Університет Гамбургер, Університет Motorola, corporate university, corporate education, United States, socio-economic background, social partnership, General Motors Institute of Engineering and Management, General Electric Corporate School, Disney University, Hamburger University, Motorola University
Бібліографічний опис
Литовченко, І. Ґенеза корпоративного університету у США [Текст] / І. Литовченко // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2016. – № 4 (58). – С. 42–48.