Особистість керівника закладу освіти у світлі суспільних подій 1917–1935-х рр.
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2015
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Анотація
У статті розглядається проблема особистості керівника навчального закладу в межах історичного періоду 1917–1935 рр. Розкрито сутність діяльності директора школи відповідно до нормативних документів досліджуваного періоду, вимоги до його особистості. Показано вплив діяльності та творів В. І. Леніна на формування змісту поняття «майстерність керівника». Викладено результати аналізу педагогічних праць Я. Н. Ряппо, М. М. Іорданського, Н. К. Крупської, А. С. Макаренка, у яких висвітлювалися питання управлінської майстерності. Акцентовано увагу на своєрідності педагогічної думки досліджуваного періоду як наслідку впливу на неї комуністичної ідеології.
The paper considers the problem of the manager’s personality institution of the 1917-1935 years. The changes in priorities and social values that Ukraine is experiencing now cause reform of all state institutions. In particular this applies to schools that are agents of social ideas, who implement social cultural and educational needs. In ensuring the effective functioning of the educational institution in modern social and economic conditions of a particular duty is arranged by his manager. Hence the significance of today is the problem of the individual school principal, his managerial skills. In the search for solutions to this problem the positive historical experience, achievements which can be an important factor in improving the functioning of the institution as a whole and improve the management of its leader in particular should not be rejected. The results of the analysis of regulatory base concerning management of educational institutions are stated («The situation about uniform labor school RSFSR», «The basic principles of uniform labor school», «The charter of uniform labor school», «The situation about the organization of pupils at schools ІІ steps», «The situation about management of teaching and educational institutions»). On the basis of this analysis the functions of the principal (the management, control, planning, organization, instructing) are allocated. As a result of generalization of the pedagogical sources the requirements to the identity of the director of educational institution are defined. The influence of the political works by V. I. Lenin on views of public figures and scientists of the studied period is shown. The essence of the concept of the head of a communistic type as an ideal of the teacher-manager of the Soviet school is described; the characteristic of his qualities is given. The opinion of the most famous figures of education of 1917-1935 years such as Ya. N. Ryappo, M. M. Iordansky, N. K. Krupskaya is taken into account. The questions of management of educational institution, the problem of the personality of its leader are revealed. The role and importance of pedagogical works by A. M. Makarenko in the development of the theory and practice of management education institution is defined. The summary of the provisions of its pedagogical system in relation to the characteristics of management teaching staff of the institution is presented. The attention is focused on an originality of pedagogical thought of the studied period as consequences of impact on the communistic ideology.
The paper considers the problem of the manager’s personality institution of the 1917-1935 years. The changes in priorities and social values that Ukraine is experiencing now cause reform of all state institutions. In particular this applies to schools that are agents of social ideas, who implement social cultural and educational needs. In ensuring the effective functioning of the educational institution in modern social and economic conditions of a particular duty is arranged by his manager. Hence the significance of today is the problem of the individual school principal, his managerial skills. In the search for solutions to this problem the positive historical experience, achievements which can be an important factor in improving the functioning of the institution as a whole and improve the management of its leader in particular should not be rejected. The results of the analysis of regulatory base concerning management of educational institutions are stated («The situation about uniform labor school RSFSR», «The basic principles of uniform labor school», «The charter of uniform labor school», «The situation about the organization of pupils at schools ІІ steps», «The situation about management of teaching and educational institutions»). On the basis of this analysis the functions of the principal (the management, control, planning, organization, instructing) are allocated. As a result of generalization of the pedagogical sources the requirements to the identity of the director of educational institution are defined. The influence of the political works by V. I. Lenin on views of public figures and scientists of the studied period is shown. The essence of the concept of the head of a communistic type as an ideal of the teacher-manager of the Soviet school is described; the characteristic of his qualities is given. The opinion of the most famous figures of education of 1917-1935 years such as Ya. N. Ryappo, M. M. Iordansky, N. K. Krupskaya is taken into account. The questions of management of educational institution, the problem of the personality of its leader are revealed. The role and importance of pedagogical works by A. M. Makarenko in the development of the theory and practice of management education institution is defined. The summary of the provisions of its pedagogical system in relation to the characteristics of management teaching staff of the institution is presented. The attention is focused on an originality of pedagogical thought of the studied period as consequences of impact on the communistic ideology.
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Ключові слова
директор школи, єдина трудова школа, особистість керівника, майстерність керівника, управлінські функції, статут навчального закладу, school principal, uniform labor school, identity of the head, skill of the head, administrative functions, charter of educational institution
Бібліографічний опис
Задорожна-Княгницька, Л. В. Особистість керівника закладу освіти у світлі суспільних подій 1917–1935-х рр. [Текст] / Л. В. Задорожна-Княгницька // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2015. – № 1 (45). – С. 83–91.