Формування освітньої складової фахівців із трудової підготовки в українських ВНЗ у 70-х рр. ХХ ст.
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2015
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У статті, на основі аналізу науково-методично літератури та архівних джерел, розкрито у історико-педагогічному контексті підходи до практики формування освітньої складової фахівців із трудової підготовки в 1970-х рр. ХХ ст. на теренах радянської України. Увагу зосереджено на аналізі змін у змісті навчального процесу, що було відзеркалено, передусім, у навчальних планах із підготовки вчителів зі спеціальності № 2120 – «Загальнотехнічні дисципліни і фізика». Підкреслено, що нормативно-правове поле, яке дозволяло підготовку саме вчителів трудового навчання як основного, а не додаткового профілю, було створене лише у 1970 р. Це підтверджено архівними документами, які містили навчальні плани 70-х рр., розпорядження, інструкції та відповідні накази Міністерства освіти вищої освіти і середньої спеціальної освіти СРСР з питань роботи педагогічних вузів.
The article on the basis of analysis of research and methodological literature and archival sources reveals approaches to practice of forming educational component of the labor training specialists in the 1970-s of the XX century in historical and pedagogical context at pedagogical colleges and pedagogical institutes in the limits of Soviet Ukraine. The attention was concentrated on the analysis of changes in the content of teaching process that was reflected first of all in teaching plans on training of teachers of specialty № 2120 “General technical disciplines and physics”. It was underlined that normative-legal field which permitted the process of training namely teachers of manual work as the main but not additional profile, was created only in 1970. This fact is confirmed by archival documents that contained teaching plans of the 70-s of the XX century, orders, instructions and proper decrees of Ministry of education, of higher education and secondary special education of the USSR on the questions of work of pedagogical higher educational establishments. Also there is given statistical facts on the question of guaranteeing by specialists of labor training schools of Ukrainian republic, school testified to their need in such specialists to the end of the 80-s of the XX century. That’s why State orientations in the researched period were to grow the rates of training of manual work teachers in the system of professional education of the pedagogical staff. The second priory of solution of the lack of labor training specialists was a way of coordination of efforts of State establishments in the channel of creation of proper demands concerning focusing on getting higher pedagogical staff. In particular in 1975 it was implemented attestation of pedagogical workers that served stimulus for perfection of professional level and getting by teachers higher education on instruction by correspondence at the departments of pedagogical institutes and special training at pedagogical colleges. It is determined that specificity of 70-s of the XX century was in the fact that step-by-step specialists of labor training were taught to work in the fields of technical, service and agricultural work at general technical, industrial and pedagogical faculties of the pedagogical institutes but not as it was in the 60-s of the XX century at natural historical faculties as additional second profile. Peculiarity of the second half of the XX century on manual work teachers’ training was in implementation in teaching plans of the pedagogical institutes of the special course on professional orientation in the context of training teachers to professional-orientational work with pupils.
The article on the basis of analysis of research and methodological literature and archival sources reveals approaches to practice of forming educational component of the labor training specialists in the 1970-s of the XX century in historical and pedagogical context at pedagogical colleges and pedagogical institutes in the limits of Soviet Ukraine. The attention was concentrated on the analysis of changes in the content of teaching process that was reflected first of all in teaching plans on training of teachers of specialty № 2120 “General technical disciplines and physics”. It was underlined that normative-legal field which permitted the process of training namely teachers of manual work as the main but not additional profile, was created only in 1970. This fact is confirmed by archival documents that contained teaching plans of the 70-s of the XX century, orders, instructions and proper decrees of Ministry of education, of higher education and secondary special education of the USSR on the questions of work of pedagogical higher educational establishments. Also there is given statistical facts on the question of guaranteeing by specialists of labor training schools of Ukrainian republic, school testified to their need in such specialists to the end of the 80-s of the XX century. That’s why State orientations in the researched period were to grow the rates of training of manual work teachers in the system of professional education of the pedagogical staff. The second priory of solution of the lack of labor training specialists was a way of coordination of efforts of State establishments in the channel of creation of proper demands concerning focusing on getting higher pedagogical staff. In particular in 1975 it was implemented attestation of pedagogical workers that served stimulus for perfection of professional level and getting by teachers higher education on instruction by correspondence at the departments of pedagogical institutes and special training at pedagogical colleges. It is determined that specificity of 70-s of the XX century was in the fact that step-by-step specialists of labor training were taught to work in the fields of technical, service and agricultural work at general technical, industrial and pedagogical faculties of the pedagogical institutes but not as it was in the 60-s of the XX century at natural historical faculties as additional second profile. Peculiarity of the second half of the XX century on manual work teachers’ training was in implementation in teaching plans of the pedagogical institutes of the special course on professional orientation in the context of training teachers to professional-orientational work with pupils.
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Ключові слова
фахівці із трудової підготовки, освітня складова педагога, навчальний процес, навчальні плани, specialists of labor training, educational component of a pedagogue, teaching process, teaching plans
Бібліографічний опис
Кузьменко, Ю. В. Формування освітньої складової фахівців із трудової підготовки в українських ВНЗ у 70-х рр. ХХ ст. [Текст] / Ю. В. Кузьменко // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2015. – № 9 (53). – С. 57–64.