Організаційно-педагогічні засади управлінської діяльності А. С. Макаренка в трудовій колонії ім. М. Горького

Abstract

Дисертаційну роботу присвячено з’ясуванню організаційно-педагогічних засад управлінської діяльності А. С. Макаренка у період завідування Трудовою колонією ім. М. Горького. Виявлено стан розробленості досліджуваної проблеми у вітчизняному і зарубіжному макаренкознавстві. З’ясовано чинники та виокремлено етапи становлення індивідуальної управлінської концепції А. С. Макаренка як завідувача Трудової колонії ім. М. Горького. Розкрито нормативні, змістові й процесуальні засади його управлінської діяльності. Розроблено рекомендації щодо використання продуктивного досвіду управлінської діяльності А. С. Макаренка в сучасній практиці вітчизняних навчальних закладів.

The thesis is devoted to the organizational-pedagogical foundations of A. S. Makarenko management activity in the Labor Colony named after M. Gorky. The aspects of scientific and theoretical elaboration of the problem under consideration are identified: historical-biographical, philosophical, pedagogical, organizational, psychological, economic, extrapolating. It is established that in modern conditions educational creative heritage of A. S. Makarenko receives attention of researchers, however, management activity of a native teacher in the organizational-pedagogical aspect has not been the subject of dissertation research neither in the native nor in the foreign Makarenko-studies. The factors of formation of A. S. Makarenko’s individual management conception as the head of the Labour Colony named after M. Gorky are revealed: personal, social-political, socio-economic, scientific-technical, re-orientational. Stages of formation of the individual management conception of A. S. Makarenko in the Labour Colony named after M. Gorky are outlined: search (1920–1922); organizational (1922–1925); corrective (1925–1927); generalizing (1927–1928). The components of the normative foundations of management activity of A. S. Makarenko are defined: the main aspects of activity of the head of the colony, regulated by the documents of the state and institutional level; the rules and principles of management activity of A. S. Makarenko in the Labor Colony named after M. Gorky. The components of the content foundations of management activity of A. S. Makarenko in the Labor Colony named after M. Gorky are characterized. They are directed at the regulation of the processes of functioning and development of institutions: directions of management activities to ensure conditions of social education; means and objectives of strategic management: pedagogical, social-psychological, economic. The constituents of the procedural foundations are revealed: managerial approaches of A. S. Makarenko to the ensuring integrity and development of the colony (systemic, situational, research); methods of management of the colony: 1) organizational; 2) social; 3) economic; structural elements of the management system (the head as the "center" and self-governing bodies), modes of their interaction (constant and temporary according to the principle of responsible dependence); key functions of the head of the colony (motivation; forecasting; planning; organization; control); areas of cooperation of the institution with external environment elements: socio-integrating; cultural; economically directed. The main directions of the implementation of the positive experience of management activity of A. S. Makarenko in the modern education practice at the state, regional and institutional level are defined.