Динаміка рухової активності міських учнів середнього шкільного віку
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Дата
2016
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Анотація
У результаті дослідження, проведеного з інтервалом у 5 років (2010/2015 рр.), встановлено достовірне зниження середніх значень інтегральних оцінок рухової активності учнів середнього шкільного віку міських загальноосвітніх шкіл на 16,4 % (p<0,001). Встановлено достовірне (p<0,05) підвищення частки школярів, які не виконують ранкову гімнастику в 1,7 рази, у 3 рази частки дітей, які не займаються на уроках фізкультури в повну силу. У 1,3 рази, знизилася частка дітей із тривалістю прогулянок на свіжому повітрі 1,5 години й більше (p<0,01). У школярів з низьким рівнем рухової активності ймовірність наявності захворювань достовірно підвищується на 20,0 % порівняно із середнім і високим рівнями (p<0,01). Отримані результати доводять необхідність розробки та впровадження гігієнічних заходів із підвищення фізичної активності школярів.
The aim of this research was to study the dynamics of motor activity of urban pupils of secondary school age from 2010 to 2015. With the help of questionnaire «My physical activity», which included 12 questions about the physical activity both at school and outside school hours in adapted for secondary school age children form, two surveys with a five-year interval were conducted in Kyiv. To establish the common patterns of physical activity assessment, the integral indicator of the level of physical activity has been calculated. The quantitative characteristics of the influence factors have been assessed by calculating the relative risk. It is determined that in the process of the study the integral estimation of the average value of physical activity is decreased by 16,4 % (p<0,001). In the 2010-2015 period we have determined (p<0,05) the following increase: the proportion of the pupils that do not do morning exercises - in 1,7 times, the proportion of children who do not come to the school yard during the break - in 2,7 times, the proportion of children who are not engaged in the lessons of physical training in full force - in 3 times; significantly, the proportion of children walking 1,5 hours or more in the open air decreased by 1,3 time; the proportion of children who are engaged in «physical activity minutes» in the classrooms decreased by 1,4 times and the proportion of children attending sports/dance clubs decreased by 1.8 times. The probability of diseases of the pupils with low physical activity increased significantly by 20% in comparison with average and high (p<0,01). The diseases, in turn, increase the likelihood of low physical activity almost in 2 times. That’s why the sufficient physical activity as an important criterion for a healthy lifestyle of the middle-aged pupils is decreasing by increasing the popular types of non-physical activity (computer games, social networks) and shows a lack of motivation for responsible enhancing of their physical activity. In addition, a dramatic progression of non-communicable diseases among schoolchildren (scoliosis, obesity, neurosis) makes this problem an issue for further study, as well as development and implementation of hygiene measures to promote physical activity among the pupils.
The aim of this research was to study the dynamics of motor activity of urban pupils of secondary school age from 2010 to 2015. With the help of questionnaire «My physical activity», which included 12 questions about the physical activity both at school and outside school hours in adapted for secondary school age children form, two surveys with a five-year interval were conducted in Kyiv. To establish the common patterns of physical activity assessment, the integral indicator of the level of physical activity has been calculated. The quantitative characteristics of the influence factors have been assessed by calculating the relative risk. It is determined that in the process of the study the integral estimation of the average value of physical activity is decreased by 16,4 % (p<0,001). In the 2010-2015 period we have determined (p<0,05) the following increase: the proportion of the pupils that do not do morning exercises - in 1,7 times, the proportion of children who do not come to the school yard during the break - in 2,7 times, the proportion of children who are not engaged in the lessons of physical training in full force - in 3 times; significantly, the proportion of children walking 1,5 hours or more in the open air decreased by 1,3 time; the proportion of children who are engaged in «physical activity minutes» in the classrooms decreased by 1,4 times and the proportion of children attending sports/dance clubs decreased by 1.8 times. The probability of diseases of the pupils with low physical activity increased significantly by 20% in comparison with average and high (p<0,01). The diseases, in turn, increase the likelihood of low physical activity almost in 2 times. That’s why the sufficient physical activity as an important criterion for a healthy lifestyle of the middle-aged pupils is decreasing by increasing the popular types of non-physical activity (computer games, social networks) and shows a lack of motivation for responsible enhancing of their physical activity. In addition, a dramatic progression of non-communicable diseases among schoolchildren (scoliosis, obesity, neurosis) makes this problem an issue for further study, as well as development and implementation of hygiene measures to promote physical activity among the pupils.
Опис
Ключові слова
рухова активність, ранкова гімнастика, учні середнього шкільного віку, здоров’я, здоровий спосіб життя, анкетне опитування, інтегральна оцінка, відносний ризик, physical activity, morning exercises, secondary school age children, physical and mental health, healthy lifestyle, survey, poll, integral estimates, relative risk
Бібліографічний опис
Гозак, С. Динаміка рухової активності міських учнів середнього шкільного віку [Текст] / С. Гозак, О. Єлізарова, А. Парац // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / МОН України, Сумський держ. пед. ун-т ім. А. С. Макаренка ; [редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, О. Є. Антонова, Дж. Бішоп та ін.]. – Суми : СумДПУ ім. А. С. Макаренка, 2016. – № 3 (57). – С. 93–104.