Сучасна система вищої освіти США: особливості функціонування та розвитку
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Дата
2017
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка
Анотація
У статті визначено та проаналізовано специфічні особливості функціонування системи вищої освіти США, зокрема соціально-економічні, політичні, історичні, соціокультурні детермінанти її розвитку, розгалуженість законодавчого забезпечення, децентралізованість та регіональність, масовізація, альтернативність фінансування, багаторівневість і диверсифікованість структури, інтенсивний розвиток дослідницьких та корпоративних університетів, які зумовлюють її конкурентоспроможність і лідерські позиції у світі й окреслено можливості використання американського досвіду при розбудові системи вищої освіти в Україні.
The article identifies and analyzes the specific features of functioning of the US higher education system which determine its competitiveness and leading positions in the world as also outlines the possibilities of use of the American experience in the development of the higher education system in Ukraine. In order to achieve the aim we used the structural-logical and structural-functional analysis which allowed us to determine the specific features of the US higher education system; the system-structural and comparative analysis which helped to define the promising directions for the development of higher education in the United States; the scientific extrapolation method which permitted us to outline the possibilities of using the innovative potential of American experience in the process of modernization of higher education in Ukraine. It has been established that the specific features of the functioning of the higher education system in the USA are socio-economic, political, historical, socio-cultural determinants of its development; ramification of legislative support, implementation of a number of reforms that were standard-oriented, professionally oriented and market- oriented; decentralization and regionalization, financing alternatives, multilevelness and diversification of its structure, comprised of universities, colleges and specialized institutions; intensive development of research and corporate universities. It has been found out that the specific features of functioning of the US higher education system ensure its competitiveness and leadership worldwide, therefore, American experience of building the higher education system can be used in Ukrainian educational space. To perspective directions of further research we refer the study of the organizational, content and procedural foundations of master degree programs at US universities, analysis of strategies and models of research universities in the United States, determination of possibilities of using elements of innovative American experience in Ukrainian educational space.
The article identifies and analyzes the specific features of functioning of the US higher education system which determine its competitiveness and leading positions in the world as also outlines the possibilities of use of the American experience in the development of the higher education system in Ukraine. In order to achieve the aim we used the structural-logical and structural-functional analysis which allowed us to determine the specific features of the US higher education system; the system-structural and comparative analysis which helped to define the promising directions for the development of higher education in the United States; the scientific extrapolation method which permitted us to outline the possibilities of using the innovative potential of American experience in the process of modernization of higher education in Ukraine. It has been established that the specific features of the functioning of the higher education system in the USA are socio-economic, political, historical, socio-cultural determinants of its development; ramification of legislative support, implementation of a number of reforms that were standard-oriented, professionally oriented and market- oriented; decentralization and regionalization, financing alternatives, multilevelness and diversification of its structure, comprised of universities, colleges and specialized institutions; intensive development of research and corporate universities. It has been found out that the specific features of functioning of the US higher education system ensure its competitiveness and leadership worldwide, therefore, American experience of building the higher education system can be used in Ukrainian educational space. To perspective directions of further research we refer the study of the organizational, content and procedural foundations of master degree programs at US universities, analysis of strategies and models of research universities in the United States, determination of possibilities of using elements of innovative American experience in Ukrainian educational space.
Опис
Ключові слова
вища освіта, законодавство, управління, фінансування, диверсифікація, дослідницький університет, корпоративний університет, США, higher education, laws and regulations, management, financing, diversification, research university, corporate university, USA
Бібліографічний опис
Огієнко, О. Сучасна система вищої освіти США: особливості функціонування та розвитку [Текст] / О. Огієнко // Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології : науковий журнал / Міністерство освіти і науки України, Сумський державний педагогічний університет імені А. С. Макаренка ; редкол.: А. А. Сбруєва, М. А. Бойченко, О. Є. Антонова [та ін.]. – Суми : Вид-во СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка, 2017. – № 10 (74). – С. 131–141.